Optimal design of superelastic‐friction base isolators for seismic protection of highway bridges against near‐field earthquakes     

Osman E. Ozbulut  Stefan Hurlebaus 《地震工程与结构动力学》2011,40(3):273-291

The seismic response of a multi‐span continuous bridge isolated with novel superelastic‐friction base isolator (S‐FBI) is investigated under near‐field earthquakes. The isolation system consists of a flat steel‐Teflon sliding bearing and a superelastic NiTi shape memory alloy (SMA) device. The key design parameters of an S‐FBI system are the natural period of the isolated bridge, the yielding displacement of the SMA device, and the friction coefficient of the sliding bearings. The goal of this study is to obtain optimal values for each design parameter by performing sensitivity analysis of a bridge isolated by an S‐FBI system. First, a three‐span continuous bridge is modeled as two‐degrees‐of‐freedom with the S‐FBI system. A neuro‐fuzzy model is used to capture rate‐ and temperature‐dependent nonlinear behavior of the SMA device. Then, a set of nonlinear time history analyses of the isolated bridge is performed. The variation of the peak response quantities of interest is shown as a function of design parameters of the S‐FBI system and the optimal values for each parameter are evaluated. Next, in order to assess the effectiveness of the S‐FBI system, the response of the bridge isolated by the S‐FBI system is compared with the response of the non‐isolated bridge and the same bridge isolated by pure‐friction (P‐F) sliding isolation system. Finally, the influence of temperature variations on the performance of the S‐FBI system is evaluated. The results show that the optimum design of a bridge with the S‐FBI system can be achieved by a judicious specification of design parameters. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Theory and experimental study for sliding isolators with variable curvature     

Lyan‐Ywan Lu  Shih‐Wei Yeh 《地震工程与结构动力学》2011,40(14):1609-1627

Because a conventional isolation system with constant isolation frequency is usually a long‐period dynamic system, its seismic response is likely to be amplified in earthquakes with strong long‐period wave components, such as near‐fault ground motions. Seismic isolators with variable mechanical properties may provide a promising solution to alleviate this problem. To this end, in this work sliding isolators with variable curvature (SIVC) were studied experimentally. An SIVC isolator is similar to a friction pendulum system (FPS) isolator, except that its sliding surface has variable curvature rather being spherical. As a result, the SIVC's isolation stiffness that is proportional to the curvature becomes a function of the isolator displacement. By appropriately designing the geometry of the sliding surface, the SIVC is able to possess favorable hysteretic behavior. In order to prove the applicability of the SIVC concept, several prototype SIVC isolators, whose sliding surfaces are defined by a sixth‐order polynomial function, were fabricated and tested in this study. A cyclic element test on the prototype SIVC isolators and a shaking table test on an SIVC isolated steel frame were all conducted. The results of both tests have verified that the prototype SIVC isolators do indeed have the hysteretic property of variable stiffness as prescribed by the derived formulas in this study. Moreover, it is also demonstrated that the proposed SIVC is able to effectively reduce the isolator drift in a near‐fault earthquake with strong long‐period components, as compared with that of an FPS system with the same friction coefficient. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

System identification of a building from multiple seismic records     

Hasan S. Ulusoy  Maria Q. Feng  Paul J. Fanning 《地震工程与结构动力学》2011,40(6):661-674

This paper describes the identification of finite dimensional, linear, time‐invariant models of a 4‐story building in the state space representation using multiple data sets of earthquake response. The building, instrumented with 31 accelerometers, is located on the University of California, Irvine campus. Multiple data sets, recorded during the 2005 Yucaipa, 2005 San Clemente, 2008 Chino Hills and 2009 Inglewood earthquakes, are used for identification and validation. Considering the response of the building as the output and the ground motion as the input, the state space models that represent the underlying dynamics of the building in the discrete‐time domain corresponding to each data set are identified. The time‐domain Eigensystem Realization Algorithm with the Observer/Kalman filter identification procedure are adopted in this paper, and the modal parameters of the identified models are consistently determined by constructing stabilization diagrams. The four state space models identified demonstrate that the response of the building is amplitude dependent with the response frequency and damping, being dependent on the magnitude of ground excitation. The practical application of this finding is that the consistency of this building response to future earthquakes can be quickly assessed, within the range of ground excitations considered (0.005g–0.074g), for consistency with prior response—this assessment of consistent response is discussed and demonstrated with reference to the four earthquake events considered in this study. Inclusion of data sets relating to future earthquakes will enable the findings to be extended to a wider range of ground excitation magnitudes. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Tall building vibration control using a TM‐MR damper assembly     

Rene Zemp  Juan C. de la Llera  José L. Almazán 《地震工程与结构动力学》2011,40(3):339-354

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1999年海城-岫岩地震序列的精准定位   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

杨智娴  Brian W Stump  陈运泰  Rongmao Zhou  Chris T Hayward 《地震学报》2011,33(3):271-278

1999年11月29日,北京时间12点10分39秒(04:10:39 UTC)在我国辽宁海城-岫岩地区发生了一次Ms5.4地震.这次地震是继1975年2月4日海城Ms7.3地震之后该地区发生的震级最大的一次地震.区域性的辽宁数字地震台网记录了这一序列的前震、主震与 余震.本文运用该台网的记录资料,用双差法对海城-岫岩地...  相似文献   

2010年2月27日智利Mw8.8地震前全球地震活动特征分析          下载免费PDF全文

薛艳  刘杰  李纲 《地震学报》2011,33(3):292-303

通过对智利地震前全球不同时空范围地震活动特征分析,发现:①智利地震前出现了两类地震空区:第一类空区为1900年以来形成的360 km长的Mw≥8.0地震空段,第二类空区为震前5年形成的780 km长的M≥5.5地震空段;②1986-2010年,智利中南部仅发生1次Mw7.1地震,表现为显著的Mw≥7.0地震平静异常;③...  相似文献   

汶川地震前后地震波速比和视速度变化特征的研究   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5       下载免费PDF全文

王林瑛  李艳娥  李芳  李广平  张天中  包淑娴  苏金蓉 《地震学报》2011,33(1):1-14

2008年5月12日在中国四川省境内龙门山断裂带发生了8级巨大地震．在其主震前后随着震源区附近应力状态的改变,地壳介质的物性是否也存在相应的异常变化过程？该问题成为汶川地震研究的热点科学问题之一．本研究搜集和整理了中国地震局四川数字地震台网2001年1月1日-2010年5月31日产出的震相观测报告,和中国地震局地球物理研究所流动数字地震台网2008年5月12日——9月30日产出的震相观测报告,采用多台和达法和多地震联合测定法,根据入选的直达波Pg和Sg的震相数据,重点研究了龙门山断裂及其附近地区的P波和S波视速度的时间变化特征,并与波速比的时间变化特征进行了对比分析．为保证计算结果的可靠性和稳定性,对所收集到的数据进行了较为严格的筛选和限定．研究发现,龙门山断裂及其附近地区,在汶川地震前P波和S波视速度存在4年左右的明显降低过程,到震前约半年出现快速恢复．在震前P波和S波的视速度明显降低的过程中,波速比的低值异常过程仅为2年多,且幅度小持续时间较短．在波速比和视速度异常发展的进程中,进入发震中短期异常快速恢复是两者的共同特征．   相似文献   

山西周边地区地震类型分区特征          下载免费PDF全文

宋美琴  李斌  吕芳  王秀文  梁向军 《地震学报》2011,33(5):691-696

中国大陆中强地震余震序列的研究(王华林,周翠英,1997;刁守中等,2002;蒋海昆等,2006)表明,中强地震序列类型空间分布具有统计意义上较明显的区域性特征.即某些区域中强地震以某种类型的序列活动为主,另一些区域又以另外类型的序列活动为主,固定区域的序列类型保持相对的稳定性.事实上,  相似文献   

2008年汶川地震相关堆积物的细颗粒石英光释光测年研究          下载免费PDF全文

杨会丽  陈杰  刘进峰  余松 《地震地质》2011,33(2):413-420

现代强震相关堆积物的释光测年研究有助于理解古地震相关沉积物释光测年的地质意义,提高古地震测年的精度和准确度,更好地认识大地震发生的规律.文中选择了若干典型的2008年汶川大地震的相关堰塞湖堆积物、泄洪堆积物和喷砂堆积物,进行了细颗粒石英光释光测年研究.结果表明,这些地震相关沉积物中的细颗粒石英灵敏度较高,但释光信号并未...  相似文献   

汶川Ms8.0地震灾害的非对称分布与成因分析          下载免费PDF全文

周庆  张春山  陈献程 《地震学报》2011,33(4):492-504

在汶川Ms8.0地震中,地震灾害在灾区相对于发震断层,呈现各种非对称分布.断层高角度逆冲诱发的崩塌、滑坡的规模与数量在断层上盘区远远高于断层下盘区,在垂直断层方向,高烈度区断层上盘宽度往往大于下盘宽度,上述不对称性反映了逆断层型地震存在加速度峰值的上盘效应;而在破裂的传播方向存在的地震波多普勒效应则造成沿长轴方向东北部...  相似文献